超细改性矿物粉体增强硅橡胶

吴季怀　魏从容　沈振　胡东红　赵煌　陈亦可

摘要:采用材料物理化学和复合材料的方法，系统地研究了8种矿物及其超细粉体和改性粉体与硅橡胶基体的相互作用。结果表明，滑石、石英和硅灰石对硅橡胶基体具有较好的增强作用。粒径小、比面积大、长径比大等粉体性质好的填料，其增强性能高。界面粘附功与界面张力比值大的复合材料的力学性能好。具有表面活性基团（通过表面改性）、表面缺陷和适量的表面羟基是提高粉体增强性能的重要因素。复合粉体的增强性能与粉体性质、混炼胶中的结合橡胶、硫化胶的交联密度及力学性能有着内在的联系。
关键词:硅橡胶；矿物粉体；增强；硫化胶；物理机械性能
中图分类号:TQ314.261文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000－1255(2000)04－0253－06

Silicone rubber reinforced by modified ultrafine mineral powder

Wu Jihuai　Wei Congrong　Shen Zhen　Hu Donghong　Zhao huang and Chen Yike
（Institute of Material Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University,Quanzhou,Fujian 362011）

Abstract: The interaction between mineral fillers and silicone rubber matrix was systematic investigated by using material　physical chemistry and composite method. The results showed that talc, quartz and wollastonite had better reinforcing effect　than others did in eight kinds of minerals selected. The properties of powders including size, surface area, shape and　aggregation structure of filler powder were the factors affecting its reinforcement property. Based on the researches on surface　OH group, surfce defect and surface modifying agent of mineral powder, surface group was an important factor affecting　chemical action between filler and matrix. There was a compact relationship among bound rubber, crosslinking density and
physical property in mineral filler / silicone rubber composite.
Keywords: silicone rubber; mineral powder; reinforcement; vulcanizate; mechanical property

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（59572033）。
作者简介:吴季怀，男，42岁，博士，教授。主要从事无机非金属材料和有机－无机复合
材料研究工作。编撰《材料科学基础》。“掺杂碱卤化物F2＋型色心激光晶体材料”课
题获部级科技进步一等奖。已发表论文50余篇。
吴季怀（华侨大学材料物理化学研究所，福建泉州362011）　
魏从容（华侨大学材料物理化学研究所，福建泉州362011）　
沈振（华侨大学材料物理化学研究所，福建泉州362011）
胡东红（华侨大学材料物理化学研究所，福建泉州362011）　
赵煌（华侨大学材料物理化学研究所，福建泉州362011）　
陈亦可（华侨大学材料物理化学研究所，福建泉州362011）

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收稿日期:1999－09－10
修订日期:2000－03－28