橡胶纳米复合材料研究进展

郝爱

摘　要：橡胶纳米复合材料因其优异的性能而成为目前材料科学研究的热点。本文论述了橡胶／粘土、橡胶／纳米SiO₂、氢化NBR／丙烯酸金属盐、橡胶／纳米炭黑和白炭黑、橡胶／纳米纤维等橡胶基纳米复合材料的制备方法、机理、力学性能、工业应用领域等，讨论了层状硅酸盐粘土的表面修饰，提出了插层剂的选择原则，评价了各种合成技术的优缺点及工业价值，提出了橡胶纳米复合材料的发展趋势。
关键词：橡胶纳米复合材料；粘土；插层法；溶胶－凝胶法；原位聚合法；二氧化硅；丙烯酸金属盐；炭黑
分类号：TB383　文献标识码：B
文章编号：1005-3174(2001)01-0037-08

Advance in rubber nanocomposites

HAO Ai（Latex center of Lanzhou Chemical Industry Corporation,CNPC,Lanzhou　730060,China）　

Abstract：Rubber nanocomposite lies in the frontier of materials science due to its superior properties.In this paper,the preparation processes,their compounding mechanisms,mechanical properties and applied field of rubber nanocomposites are discussed,such as rubber/clay nanocomposite,rubber/nano-sillica composite,hydrogenated NBR/acrylate metal salt nanocomposite,rubber/nano-carbon black composite,rubber/nano-fiber composite.The modification of layered silicates and the choice of intercalation chemicals are discussed.The advantages and disadvantages and industrial values of all kinds of nanocompounding techniques are evaluated,and the development trend of rubber nanocomposite is figured out.
Keywords：rubber nanocomposite;clay;intercalation;sol-gel;in-situ polymerization;silica;acrylate metal salt;carbon black

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收稿日期：2000年11月30日

出版日期：2001年2月1日